441 research outputs found
The Potential for Public-Private Partnerships: Philanthropic Leaders Considering Housing as a Platform
Explores foundation leaders' approaches to housing as a platform for layering programs and services to improve quality of life, views on funding partnerships with the federal government, and suggestions for targeted collaborations. Includes case studies
Inapposite and Amorphous : The D.C. Circuit\u27s Rejection of International Law
Since the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan in 2002, the court system has been flooded with habeas corpus petitions from prisoners held at the U.S. naval detention facility in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. These petitioners contest the President’s authority to detain them and often rely on principles of law governing international war to support their arguments. A recent D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals decision rejected international law as an interpretive tool for U.S. courts, raising questions about the role of international law in the U.S. legal system. This Comment argues that international law, while not binding on the courts, provides useful guidance for interpretation
How Do Emotional Labor and Sexual Harassment Influence Job Related Affective Well-Being In Restaurant Servers?
Sexual harassment research has primarily focused on prevalence and outcomes within a wide range of occupations. Research is needed to examine sexual harassment behaviors within a specific context in order to isolate potential causes and outcomes. In addition, sexual harassment has been an ongoing issue in the service industry and it affects mostly women who are paid the federal minimum tipped wage of $2.13 an hour. The aim of the current study is to uncover the prevalence of sexual harassment in restaurant servers, and determine how emotional labor and sexual harassment play a role in outcomes such as attributions and job related affective well-being. The study was conducted by administering questionnaires that measure these constructs
Quasars from the 7C Survey - I:sample selection and radio maps
We describe the selection of candidate radio-loud quasars obtained by
cross-matching radio source positions from the low-frequency (151 MHz) 7C
survey with optical positions from five pairs of EO POSS-I plates scanned with
the Cambridge Automatic Plate-measuring Machine (APM). The sky region studied
is centred at RA 10 h 28 m, Dec +41 and covers 0.057 sr. We present VLA
observations of the quasar candidates, and tabulate various properties derived
from the radio maps. We discuss the selection criteria of the resulting `7CQ'
sample of radio-loud quasars. The 70 confirmed quasars, and some fraction of
the 36 unconfirmed candidates, constitute a filtered sample with the following
selection criteria: 151-MHz flux density S151 > 100 mJy; POSS-I E-plate
magnitude E approx R < 20; and POSS-I colour (O - E) < 1.8; the effective area
of the survey drops significantly below S151 approx 200 mJy. We argue that the
colour criterion excludes few if any quasars, but note, on the basis of recent
work by Willott et al. (1998b), that the E magnitude limit probably excludes
more than 50 per cent of the radio-loud quasars.Comment: Latex, 30 pages. Accepted by MNRA
A Review of the Socio-ecological Determinants of Maternal Mortality among African American Women
Undergraduate
Textual or Investigativ
Effect of natural products on the production and activity of Clostridium difficile toxins in vitro
Clostridium difficile infection is a toxin-mediated disease of the colon. C. difficile virulence is primarily attributed to the production of toxin A and toxin B; thus this study was aimed to investigate the effect of a range of natural products on the production and activity of C. difficile toxins in vitro. Twenty-two natural products were investigated against four C. difficile strains. The activity of products against toxins was determined using Vero and HT-29 cells cytotoxicity and neutral red uptake assays. The indirect effect of products on toxin-mediated cytotoxicity was determined using the same cell lines. The effect of seven products on toxin production by C. difficile was determined using ELISA. Zingerone (0.3 mg/ml) protected both cell lines from C. difficile cytopathic effects, confirmed by the neutral red uptake assay (P \u3c 0.05). Three Leptospermum honeys (4% w/v), fresh onion bulb extract (12.5% v/v) and trans-cinnamaldehyde (0.005% v/v) all reduced toxin production and activity significantly (P ≤ 0.023). Garlic clove powder (4.7 mg/ml) only reduced toxin activity (P ≤ 0.047). Overall, several natural products had activity against C. difficile toxins in vitro encouraging further investigation against C. difficile toxins in vivo
Extensible Component Based Architecture for FLASH, A Massively Parallel, Multiphysics Simulation Code
FLASH is a publicly available high performance application code which has
evolved into a modular, extensible software system from a collection of
unconnected legacy codes. FLASH has been successful because its capabilities
have been driven by the needs of scientific applications, without compromising
maintainability, performance, and usability. In its newest incarnation, FLASH3
consists of inter-operable modules that can be combined to generate different
applications. The FLASH architecture allows arbitrarily many alternative
implementations of its components to co-exist and interchange with each other,
resulting in greater flexibility. Further, a simple and elegant mechanism
exists for customization of code functionality without the need to modify the
core implementation of the source. A built-in unit test framework providing
verifiability, combined with a rigorous software maintenance process, allow the
code to operate simultaneously in the dual mode of production and development.
In this paper we describe the FLASH3 architecture, with emphasis on solutions
to the more challenging conflicts arising from solver complexity, portable
performance requirements, and legacy codes. We also include results from user
surveys conducted in 2005 and 2007, which highlight the success of the code.Comment: 33 pages, 7 figures; revised paper submitted to Parallel Computin
Ethical decision-making interrupted: Can cognitive tools improve decision-making following an interruption?
This study examined the effects of interruptions and the use of cognitive decision-making tools on ethical decision-making. Participants completed a structured cognitive tool, an unstructured decision-making technique, or no decision-making technique, and half of the participants were interrupted during the decision-making task, whereas half were allowed to complete the decision-making task without interruption. Results revealed that 1) participants who completed the structured cognitive tool (ACED-IT map) performed better on a number of markers of ethical decision-making, 2) interruptions reduced participants’ plan quality, and 3) participants who were interrupted, and who completed the structured cognitive tool exhibited perceptions that suggested that they felt better prepared to handle the ethical dilemma. These results could have important implications for professionals in jobs that experience frequent interruptions, particularly those in management positions
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